Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Common symptoms of HCM include shortness of breath, particularly during physical exertion, chest pain or discomfort, fatigue, and irregular heartbeats. Patients may also experience dizziness and fainting (syncope), especially during or after physical activity. Some individuals with HCM may remain asymptomatic, especially in the early stages of the disease.

Diagnosing HCM involves a thorough evaluation that includes echocardiography of the heart as the primary diagnostic tool. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can provide detailed imaging, while genetic testing helps identify hereditary factors. Additional assessments may include stress tests and Holter monitoring for heart rhythm analysis. In certain situations, cardiac catheterization may also be performed.

Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications. Medications such as beta blockers may improve heart function, while antiarrhythmic drugs help with irregular heart rhythms. For severe cases, interventions such as open heart surgery with septal myectomy or catheter-based treatment with alcohol septal ablation can be performed. Regular monitoring with a cardiologist is essential for ongoing management.