Mitral Valve Disease

Mitral valve disease occurs when the mitral valve, which regulates blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle, does not function properly.

This condition can manifest in two main forms: mitral regurgitation, characterized by the inability of the valve to close tightly, causing blood to leak backward to the left atrium, and mitral stenosis, which is a narrowing of the valve opening, restricting blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle.

Individuals with mitral valve disease may typically experience shortness of breath, particularly during physical activity, as well as fatigue, and sometimes irregular heartbeats or palpitations. Many people may not notice symptoms, especially in the early stages or with milder forms of the condition.

The diagnosis of mitral valve disease typically involves imaging techniques such as echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography.

Treatment for mitral valve disease varies based on the type and severity of the disease. Mild cases may require only regular monitoring. For more severe cases, surgical options such as mitral valve repair or replacement may be indicated. For some patients, percutaneous treatment options such as transcatheter edge-to-edge repair may be an option. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are vital to preventing complications, including heart failure. Regular follow-ups with a cardiologist are essential for individuals with mitral valve disease for monitoring of disease progression.

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Heart and Vascular Center

The Karolinska Heart and Vascular Center offers world-class cardiovascular care and has extensive experience with ground-breaking research and procedures.